Ngā putanga katoa · Policymaker Edition

Your Community, Your AI — CC BY 4.0

Te Tūponotanga Kaupapa Here — He Rārangi Kōwhiringa, Ehara i te Pukapuka Whakapono

Me Pēhea te Pānui i Tēnei Tuhinga

Ko ngā tuhinga tuatahi e whā he mātauranga, kāore he taha pōti, ā, kei te pērā tonu tēnei. Ko te mea rerekē, kua whai hua tēnei: e whakaatu ana i ngā pūmanawa e tino whai ana te kāwanatanga. Hei mahi i tēnei, ka whakamahi ia i tētahi tauira motuhake kua whakamātauhia — In Our Own Hands, he tuhinga tūtohunga kaupapa here rangatiratanga AI i whakaputaina mō te matapaki ā-iwi. Ka tukuna taua tono e tōna kaituhi hei koha motuhake ki te wānanga ā-iwi. Ehara i te tuhinga ā-pāti, ehara hoki i te hua; kāore he pāti, he mana whakahaere, he tangata rānei i tautoko; ā, kua whakapuaki tōna kaituhi i tētahi hiahia tauhokohoko ki ngā hanganga AI rangatira. Ka whakaaturia i konei hei rārangi kōwhiringa, ehara i te puka whakatairanga — he huinga kōwhiringa ka taea e tētahi rōpū tōtika te tango, katoa rānei, wāhanga rānei, me te kore e tuku i ngā āhuatanga e motuhake ana i a ia. (Mēnā he kupu kāore i te mōhiotia i roto i tēnei raupapa, kua whakamāramahia ki te reo māmā i te rārangi kupu.)

Ko te ariā whakahaere he utu whai wāhi motuhake. Ehara i te mea e taea ana e tētahi ōhanga iti te whai i ngā pūmārō, ngā pokapū raraunga, me ngā tauira matua hou. Engari, ka taea te pupuri i te mana, te tiaki, me te whakahaere i ngā rekoata me ngā whakataunga — he take ture me ngā paerewa anake ēnei, ā, kei te wātea ki tētahi kāwanatanga e hiahia ana ki te tuhi i ēnei. Ko te nuinga o ngā mea e whai ake nei he whakamahi anō i ngā pūnaha e tū nei kē.

Ngā Oati Whakawhānui-Pāti e Whitu

Ka whakaritea e te tono tētahi huinga tūāpapa e ai ki a ia ka taea e ngā pāti katoa te tū kotahi — he whenua taurite, kua whakapuaki hei oati, ehara i te pūnaha:

1. Ka noho mai te mana. Ka noho ngā ratonga tūmatanui me ngā raraunga tūmatanui i raro i te mana whakahaere ā-ture ā-rohe.
2. Ka whakawhānuihia ngā tūranga mahi, ehara i te tango. Ka whakamahia te AI hei hiki i ngā kaimahi ki ngā tūranga mahi pai ake, me te tautoko whakawhitinga mahi, ehara i te tango i ā rātou tūranga mahi.
3. Ka noho ki te kāinga ngā pārongo matatapu. Ka noho ngā raraunga tauhokohoko me ngā raraunga whaiaro i roto i te mana ā-rohe me te taumata ture ā-rohe.
4. Ka whakaute i a Te Tiriti me te rangatiratanga raraunga Māori — ā, ka waiho te kaupapa matua ki ngā anga ārahi a te Māori (tirohia i raro), ehara i te mea ka whakaritea e te Karauna.
5. Ko te tangata e whakatau ana, ko ngā mīhini e āwhina ana. Ka noho ngā whakataunga whai pānga ki ngā tāngata ka taea te whakautu.
6. Ka taea te arotake i ngā mahi a te AI tūmatanui. Ka waiho e ngā whakataunga AI a te kāwanatanga he rekoata ka taea te arotake.
7. Ka hanga mātou i ā mātou ake pūkenga, me ētahi atu — ka whakawhanakehia te āheinga ā-rohe mā te mahi ngātahi, ehara mā te tiaki hokohoko.

Kua hangaia ēnei kia kore e āunoa. Ko tō rātou uara ki tētahi kai-ture, he mea ka taea te whakaae whānui e ngā rōpū katoa i mua i te wā ka tautohetohe mō ngā taputapu — he tīmatanga mō te pumau ā-rōpū whakawhiti, ehara i te kaupapa here mā tētahi rōpū kotahi anake e whai.

Te Hokonga: Te Pūmana Whai Utu Iti Rawa

Ko te pūmana kaha rawa atu kei a te kāwanatanga ināianei, ko ngā mea e hokona ana e ia, me te āhua o te hoko. E rua ngā whakamātautau, ka whakamahia mā ngā ture hokonga o nāianei, ka oti ai te nuinga o te mahi:

• He whakamātautau mō te mana whakahaere ā-ture. Kei hea e whakahaerehia ana tētahi tauira, ā, ko wai te ture e tae atu ana ki te kamupene e whakahaere ana i a ia? (Koinei te pātai rangatiratanga nō te Tuhinga 2, kua huri hei paearu hoko.)
• He whakamātautau nohoanga raraunga. Ka noho ngā raraunga matatini — me ngā mea katoa i ahu mai i aua raraunga — i roto i te rohe ture ā-rohe, ehara i te mea kei runga noa i te oneone ā-rohe?

Ka hoko ngā tari i ngā kaiwhakarato kua rārangi-a-mua i runga i tētahi rārangi e tutuki ana i ngā whakamātautau e rua. Me mōhio he aha kāore tēnei: ehara i te tāke kawenga, i te aukati, i te manakohanga rānei mō ngā kaiwhakarato o tētahi whenua. Kāore e whai take ki te kaiwhakarato — he wātea ki ngā kaiwhakarato katoa, ahakoa nō tawahi, nō te whenua rānei, ki te tutuki i ngā whakamātautau. Ka noho te whakatau ki te whenua, ehara i te kaiwhakarato, ā, koinei tonu te take i whakapae ai te Tuhinga 2.

He Paerewa Takenga me te Arotake, me tētahi Rēhita Tūmatanui

Ka mārama ake i konei te whakapae a te Tuhinga 3 — arā, ka taea e tētahi mātāpono kua tuhia hei kaupapa here te rereke haere, engari kāore e taea te tuhi anō i tētahi mekameka taunakitanga kia huna. He paerewa takenga me te arotake ka hiahiatia kia puritia e ngā pūnaha AI nui a te kāwanatanga he rēhita e kitea ana mēnā kua whakarerekēhia, mō ngā whakataunga i mahia me ngā take i mahia ai: he tāpiri anake, ka taea te whakamana motuhake, kia taea ai te hanga anō i te whakataunga i muri i te mahi, me te kore e whakawhirinaki ki te pūrongo a te kaiwhakarato anō.

Hei hoa māna, ka tuhi te rēhita tūmatanui o ngā pūnaha AI tūmatanui nui i ngā wāhi e whakamahia ana te AI i roto i te whakahaere tūmatanui, i te taumata pānga, me te ārahitanga e whai ana. Koinei te oati mārama kua whakaritea kia taea te tirotiro, ehara i te mea i oati noa. Mō tētahi mema pāremata, ka whakautu hoki tēnei i tētahi pātai ka pātai tonu i te Whare Pāremata ā muri ake nei — kei hea rānei te kāwanatanga e whakamahi ana i te AI, ā, ko wai te tangata e kawenga ana mō ia whakamahinga? — mā tētahi tuhinga, kaua mā te ohorere.

He Tahua ā-Motu mō te Pūkenga AI

He ture ia o ngā tikanga kua whakahuatia ake nei, ā, he iti noa ngā utu. Ko te kotahi anake o ngā whakapaunga nui i roto i te tono he Tahua ā-Motu mō te Pūkenga AI — he iti, he wāhangahanga, ā, he whakatauritea ki ngā hōtaka ōhanga-iti ōrite, ehara i te mea e aro ana ki te taumata matatau rawa. E whakaahuatia ana i te tono he tata ki te tekau miriona tāra i roto i te toru ki te whā tau; me whakaarohia e te mema pāremata hei tatauranga a te tono anake, kia whakamātauria, ehara i te tau kua whakatauhia. Ko ōna ngongo e toru:

• Te uru ki ngā rauemi rorohiko tautokohia mō ngā pakihi iti, ngā kaunihera, ngā rōpū kore-hua, me ngā kaiwhakahaere o te rāngai tuatahi kāore e taea te whakamahi i te AI kia haumaru.
• Te tautoko ārahi mō te whakaurunga haumaru.
• Ngā tauira ā-hapori, ā-rāngai hoki e pupuri ana i ngā mahi matatapu ki te whenua.

Kua whakakotahitia mārika ki te pūtea whakahōu mahi, kia whai pūtea ai te oati 'ka piki ngā tāngata, kāore e puta' ehara i te kupu anake. He mea nui te raupapa: ko ngā ture hoko (he iti noa te utu) ka tuatahi, ā, ka waihanga hiahia; ka whai te pūtea i te hiahia kua whakaaturia. Me whai i muri i te hiahia te whakapau pūtea, ehara i te ārahi.

He Herenga Whakahoki

He mea tika kia aro motuhake tētahi whakaritenga ki te hunga kua mātakitaki i tētahi hōtaka hangarau rorohiko tūmatanui e kore e taea te whakakore. Mā te tono nei ka whakauru i te āheinga huri whakamuri ki roto i te AI e pūtea ana e te iwi whānui i ngā taumata e rua:

• I te taumata kaupapa, he tikanga whakamutu mārama ā ia kaupapa whakamātautau kua pūtea, ā, ka taea te whakakore mēnā ka kino ngā taunakitanga. Ehara i te whakamātautau he mea kāore e taea te whakamutu; he oati kē tērā e mau ana i te kākahu whakamātautau.
• I te taumata pūnaha, ka whakamanahia ngā paerewa tuwhera (pērā i ngā tuakiri kore-pokapū me te ara paerewa ISO/IEC) i mua i tētahi rēhita pokapū kotahi, kia kore ai e hinga te katoa i te ngoikore o tētahi mana kotahi.

Mō te kaihanga kaupapa here, he tata ki te inihua kore utu te whakaritenga huringa whakamuri: he iti noa te utu ki te tuhi, ā, ka tiaki i te kōwhiringa kia huri i te huarahi ina — ehara i te mēnā — ka whakamae ētahi kaupapa whakamātautau.

Te Whakatikatika ki te Ture AI a te EU — hei Rautaki Tauhokohoko

Ka tirohia e te tono te mahi ngātahi me ngā anga a te EU hei whakatikatika hei rautaki tauhokohoko, ehara i te whakawhirinaki. He māmā te aronga: mā te hāngai ki te Ture AI a te EU (Ture Whakahaere 2024/1689) i ngā wāhi e whai take ana, ka tiakina te uru ki te mākete mō ngā kaikaweake, ā, ka whakaora i ngā kamupene i te kawenga kia ū ki ngā ture e rua, me te kore e tango katoa i te pūnaha EU. Ka taea e tētahi mema pāremata te whakaatu i tēnei hei painga ōhanga mōna ake, ehara i te whai i ngā ture whakahaere — he tika ake, he pakari ake hoki tēnei i te taha tōrangapū.

Te Whai Wāhi Hōhonu ki ngā Paerewa

He mea hāngai, ā, ko tētahi o ngā huarahi rangatiratanga iti rawa te utu: ko te whai wāhi hohonu ki ngā paerewa ā-ao e tautuhi ana i ngā ture matua mō te AI — arā, te ara ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 42, e kapi ana i ngā kupu matua, te huringa oranga ako mīhini, te whakahaere tūraru, me ngā pūnaha whakahaere AI (ISO/IEC 42001). Kei te whai wāhanga kē tētahi whenua iti i runga i te pūtake kotahi-whenua-kotahi-pōti; mā te whakawhānui i taua whai wāhanga ka whiwhi tūru ki te tēpu e tuhia ai ngā ture ka whai te katoa ā muri ake nei. Ko te utu he wā o te rōpū māngai; ko te hua he mana whai pānga nui atu i tōna rahi.

Te Tiriti me te Rangatiratanga Raraunga Māori — Te Whakaute, ehara i te Whakahau

Ko tēnei te wāhi e tino tika ana kia tūpato te kaihanga kaupapa here mō te tangata e kōrero ana, ā, ko te whakaute te tū tika. Ehara tēnei tono i te waihanga i tētahi uiui hou, kāore hoki e kōrero mō ngā Māori; ā, kāore hoki tēnei whakamārama e pērā. Engari, ka whakawhirinaki ki ngā anga e ārahi ana ngā Māori ināianei — ko tētahi o ēnei ko Te Kāhui Raraunga, ngā Mātāpono CARE mō te whakahaere raraunga taketake, me te Rāhina Kaitiakitanga — ā, ka ū ki te whakarite kia noho ngā raraunga taketake i roto i te mana ā-rohe, ā, kia whakahaerehia hei taonga e hiahiatia ana he whakahaere i runga i te whakaaetanga.

E rua ngā whakatūpato mō te kaihanga ture. Tuatahi, he take tēnei hei whakawhanake me ngā rōpū e ārahi ana ngā Māori mā ā rātou ake taputapu, ehara i te mea hei whakatau mō rātou i roto i tētahi tuhinga kaupapa here a te Karauna; he hē ki te whakaatu kua whakatau kē te Karauna i tēnei, ā, he hē ki te kaupapa me te tukanga. Tuarua, he taumaha tūturu e tika ana kia kīia e te kaihanga kaupapa here, kaua e hipokina: ka taea e te hiahia o te Karauna kia kotahi te anga ā-motu mō te AI te tū hē ki te tiakitanga o te rangatiratanga i runga i ngā taonga, tae atu ki ngā raraunga, i raro i te Tuhinga 2. Ko te mahi tika, ko te tohu i taua taumaha, ā, kia waiho tōna whakatau ki ngā tukanga tika o te Tiriti — ehara i te mea kia kī kua whakataua kē.

Ngā Akoranga mō te Kai-ture

Ko te painga o te pānui i te tono hei rārangi kōwhiringa, kāore tētahi kōwhiringa kotahi e here i tētahi rōpū ki te katoa, ā, he iti noa te utu o te nuinga o ngā kōwhiringa nā te mea ka whakamahia anō ngā pūnaha e whai ana kē te kāwanatanga. Ko ngā whakamātautau hoko, te paerewa me te rēhita takenga mai, te whakaritenga whakahoki anō, me te whai wāhi hōhonu ki ngā paerewa, he nuinga he huihuinga whakahaere ture. Ko te pūtea āheinga te kotahi anake o ngā whakawhiwhinga pūtea tūturu, ā, he iti, he wāhanga-wāhanga hoki. Ā, ko te katoa o te huinga kāore e whakawhirinaki ki te kaiwhakarato, ā, he whakawhānake-pāti mā te hoahoa: kāore e ingoa ana i tētahi kaiwhakarato e manakohia ana, ā, kāore e tono ana kia tuku tētahi pāti i tōna motuhake.

Ahakoa te tūnga ka whiriwhiria e koe i te mutunga, ko ngā tuhinga e whā i mua i tēnei i hangaia kia āhei ai koe ki te whai i tērā tūnga mārama — kia kī ai he aha te AI, he aha hoki kāore ia; he aha i pātai ai te wāhi e whakahaerehia ana hei take ā-motu; he aha i hiahiatia ai he hanganga kia ū ngā mātāpono; me ngā mahi a te hangarau i ēnei rā. Ko tērā mārama te kaupapa. Kei konei te rārangi kaupapa kia tāpirihia ngā tohu, kia wero kōrero, kia whakapai ake. Ka tukuna i runga tonu i taua wairua — hei tuhinga tuatahi mō te matapaki, ehara i te tūnga kia whakaaetia e tētahi, e tētahi rānei.

E hiahia ana koe ki te whakamahi pai, kia haumaru hoki, i ngā taputapu AI pēnei i ēnei? E whakaako ana ā mātou akoranga kore utu — Te Mahi me Claude me Ngā Āpiha i te Mahi — i ngā pūkenga whaihua, mai i te tiki whakautu pono ki te whakatau he aha hei tuku ki tētahi āpiha. Mō te hanganga hangarau katoa kei muri i te Village AI, tirohia Village AI — Agentic Governance.